[root@micrsvr ~]# top
top - 12:21:15 up 13 days, 15:53, 5 users, load average: 0.24, 0.25, 0.19
Tasks: 262 total, 1 running, 261 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 3.8%us, 1.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 91.7%id, 3.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 2043324k total, 1972360k used, 70964k free, 101808k buffers
Swap: 4192248k total, 31944k used, 4160304k free, 1275172k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
8739 root 20 0 288m 12m 9496 S 1.0 0.6 0:00.35 gnome-terminal
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 5:40.41 events/1
6875 root 20 0 98860 4712 2908 S 0.3 0.2 0:01.95 sshd
8933 root 20 0 15220 1360 944 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.02 top
1 root 20 0 19396 1292 1080 S 0.0 0.1 0:09.82 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 migration/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 migration/1
8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.29 ksoftirqd/1
10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
11 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.03 events/0
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset
14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper
Sort top Output command
=============================================
We can sort top output command by pressing O while it is running.
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
8973 oracle 20 0 1126m 23m 21m R 4.3 1.2 0:00.13 oracle
6875 root 20 0 98860 4712 2908 S 1.0 0.2 0:02.01 sshd
8739 root 20 0 288m 12m 9496 S 0.7 0.6 0:00.42 gnome-terminal
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 5:40.44 events/1
2859 oracle 20 0 1110m 16m 14m S 0.3 0.8 2:25.11 oracle
6921 root 20 0 239m 10m 7564 S 0.3 0.5 0:00.26 metacity
8950 root 20 0 15220 1356 944 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.10 top
1 root 20 0 19396 1288 1076 S 0.0 0.1 0:09.82 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 migration/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 migration/1
8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.30 ksoftirqd/1
10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
Current Sort Field: A for window 1:Def
[root@micrsvr ~]# top
Select sort field via field letter, type any other key to return
* A: PID = Process Id v: nDRT = Dirty Pages count
b: PPID = Parent Process Pid w: S = Process Status
c: RUSER = Real user name x: COMMAND = Command name/line
d: UID = User Id y: WCHAN = Sleeping in Function
e: USER = User Name z: Flags = Task Flags <sched.h>
f: GROUP = Group Name
g: TTY = Controlling Tty Note1:
h: PR = Priority If a selected sort field can't be
i: NI = Nice value shown due to screen width or your
j: P = Last used cpu (SMP) field order, the '<' and '>' keys
k: %CPU = CPU usage will be unavailable until a field
l: TIME = CPU Time within viewable range is chosen.
m: TIME+ = CPU Time, hundredths
n: %MEM = Memory usage (RES) Note2:
o: VIRT = Virtual Image (kb) Field sorting uses internal values,
p: SWAP = Swapped size (kb) not those in column display. Thus,
q: RES = Resident size (kb) the TTY & WCHAN fields will violate
r: CODE = Code size (kb) strict ASCII collating sequence.
s: DATA = Data+Stack size (kb) (shame on you if WCHAN is chosen)
t: SHR = Shared Mem size (kb)
u: nFLT = Page Fault count
top - 12:22:37 up 13 days, 15:54, 5 users, load average: 0.33, 0.28, 0.20
Tasks: 263 total, 2 running, 261 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 1.0%us, 0.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 98.3%id, 0.2%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 2043324k total, 1972384k used, 70940k free, 97596k buffers
Swap: 4192248k total, 31944k used, 4160304k free, 1278756k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
16672 root 18 -2 11292 696 264 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 udevd
16663 root 18 -2 12480 2352 544 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.02 udevd
11415 oracle 20 0 90320 2424 1964 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 gconf-helper
11412 oracle 9 -11 429m 3848 2496 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.11 pulseaudio
11159 oracle 20 0 207m 5960 2688 S 0.0 0.3 0:24.42 tnslsnr
8986 oracle 20 0 1109m 12m 10m R 1.7 0.6 0:00.05 oracle
8950 root 20 0 15220 1360 948 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.15 top
8741 root 20 0 105m 1804 1444 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.01 bash
8740 root 20 0 8280 692 596 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 gnome-pty-helpe
8739 root 20 0 288m 12m 9496 S 0.0 0.6 0:00.44 gnome-terminal
7412 root 20 0 280m 11m 8552 S 0.0 0.6 0:00.07 notification-da
7331 root 20 0 211m 2868 2416 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 gvfsd-computer
7325 root 20 0 129m 1768 1460 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 gvfsd-metadata
7322 root 20 0 131m 2176 1868 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 gvfsd-burn
7320 root 20 0 225m 5820 4656 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.00 ibus-x11
7318 root 20 0 335m 23m 11m S 0.0 1.2 0:00.29 python
7316 root 20 0 150m 3164 2648 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.00 ibus-gconf
Kill a process.
==================================================
If you want to kill a process then first note down the PID and then while running top press "k" which will ask you for the process id. Type the process ID.You can see killed successfully.
[root@micrsvr ~]# top
top - 12:27:56 up 13 days, 15:59, 5 users, load average: 0.05, 0.11, 0.14
Tasks: 262 total, 1 running, 261 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.4%id, 0.3%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 2043324k total, 1976272k used, 67052k free, 96232k buffers
Swap: 4192248k total, 31944k used, 4160304k free, 1288384k cached
PID to kill: 2589
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
2589 oracle 20 0 1109m 15m 13m S 2.0 0.8 0:40.34 oracle
9157 root 20 0 15216 1232 832 R 2.0 0.1 0:00.01 top
1 root 20 0 19396 1276 1064 S 0.0 0.1 0:09.84 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 migration/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 migration/1
8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.30 ksoftirqd/1
10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
11 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.03 events/0
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 5:40.60 events/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset
14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper
15 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns
top - 12:21:15 up 13 days, 15:53, 5 users, load average: 0.24, 0.25, 0.19
Tasks: 262 total, 1 running, 261 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 3.8%us, 1.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 91.7%id, 3.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 2043324k total, 1972360k used, 70964k free, 101808k buffers
Swap: 4192248k total, 31944k used, 4160304k free, 1275172k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
8739 root 20 0 288m 12m 9496 S 1.0 0.6 0:00.35 gnome-terminal
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 5:40.41 events/1
6875 root 20 0 98860 4712 2908 S 0.3 0.2 0:01.95 sshd
8933 root 20 0 15220 1360 944 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.02 top
1 root 20 0 19396 1292 1080 S 0.0 0.1 0:09.82 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 migration/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 migration/1
8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.29 ksoftirqd/1
10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
11 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.03 events/0
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset
14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper
Sort top Output command
=============================================
We can sort top output command by pressing O while it is running.
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
8973 oracle 20 0 1126m 23m 21m R 4.3 1.2 0:00.13 oracle
6875 root 20 0 98860 4712 2908 S 1.0 0.2 0:02.01 sshd
8739 root 20 0 288m 12m 9496 S 0.7 0.6 0:00.42 gnome-terminal
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 5:40.44 events/1
2859 oracle 20 0 1110m 16m 14m S 0.3 0.8 2:25.11 oracle
6921 root 20 0 239m 10m 7564 S 0.3 0.5 0:00.26 metacity
8950 root 20 0 15220 1356 944 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.10 top
1 root 20 0 19396 1288 1076 S 0.0 0.1 0:09.82 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 migration/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 migration/1
8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.30 ksoftirqd/1
10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
Current Sort Field: A for window 1:Def
[root@micrsvr ~]# top
Select sort field via field letter, type any other key to return
* A: PID = Process Id v: nDRT = Dirty Pages count
b: PPID = Parent Process Pid w: S = Process Status
c: RUSER = Real user name x: COMMAND = Command name/line
d: UID = User Id y: WCHAN = Sleeping in Function
e: USER = User Name z: Flags = Task Flags <sched.h>
f: GROUP = Group Name
g: TTY = Controlling Tty Note1:
h: PR = Priority If a selected sort field can't be
i: NI = Nice value shown due to screen width or your
j: P = Last used cpu (SMP) field order, the '<' and '>' keys
k: %CPU = CPU usage will be unavailable until a field
l: TIME = CPU Time within viewable range is chosen.
m: TIME+ = CPU Time, hundredths
n: %MEM = Memory usage (RES) Note2:
o: VIRT = Virtual Image (kb) Field sorting uses internal values,
p: SWAP = Swapped size (kb) not those in column display. Thus,
q: RES = Resident size (kb) the TTY & WCHAN fields will violate
r: CODE = Code size (kb) strict ASCII collating sequence.
s: DATA = Data+Stack size (kb) (shame on you if WCHAN is chosen)
t: SHR = Shared Mem size (kb)
u: nFLT = Page Fault count
top - 12:22:37 up 13 days, 15:54, 5 users, load average: 0.33, 0.28, 0.20
Tasks: 263 total, 2 running, 261 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 1.0%us, 0.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 98.3%id, 0.2%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 2043324k total, 1972384k used, 70940k free, 97596k buffers
Swap: 4192248k total, 31944k used, 4160304k free, 1278756k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
16672 root 18 -2 11292 696 264 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 udevd
16663 root 18 -2 12480 2352 544 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.02 udevd
11415 oracle 20 0 90320 2424 1964 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 gconf-helper
11412 oracle 9 -11 429m 3848 2496 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.11 pulseaudio
11159 oracle 20 0 207m 5960 2688 S 0.0 0.3 0:24.42 tnslsnr
8986 oracle 20 0 1109m 12m 10m R 1.7 0.6 0:00.05 oracle
8950 root 20 0 15220 1360 948 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.15 top
8741 root 20 0 105m 1804 1444 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.01 bash
8740 root 20 0 8280 692 596 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 gnome-pty-helpe
8739 root 20 0 288m 12m 9496 S 0.0 0.6 0:00.44 gnome-terminal
7412 root 20 0 280m 11m 8552 S 0.0 0.6 0:00.07 notification-da
7331 root 20 0 211m 2868 2416 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 gvfsd-computer
7325 root 20 0 129m 1768 1460 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 gvfsd-metadata
7322 root 20 0 131m 2176 1868 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 gvfsd-burn
7320 root 20 0 225m 5820 4656 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.00 ibus-x11
7318 root 20 0 335m 23m 11m S 0.0 1.2 0:00.29 python
7316 root 20 0 150m 3164 2648 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.00 ibus-gconf
Kill a process.
==================================================
If you want to kill a process then first note down the PID and then while running top press "k" which will ask you for the process id. Type the process ID.You can see killed successfully.
[root@micrsvr ~]# top
top - 12:27:56 up 13 days, 15:59, 5 users, load average: 0.05, 0.11, 0.14
Tasks: 262 total, 1 running, 261 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.4%id, 0.3%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 2043324k total, 1976272k used, 67052k free, 96232k buffers
Swap: 4192248k total, 31944k used, 4160304k free, 1288384k cached
PID to kill: 2589
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
2589 oracle 20 0 1109m 15m 13m S 2.0 0.8 0:40.34 oracle
9157 root 20 0 15216 1232 832 R 2.0 0.1 0:00.01 top
1 root 20 0 19396 1276 1064 S 0.0 0.1 0:09.84 init
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd
3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 migration/0
4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/0
5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0
6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 migration/1
8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.30 ksoftirqd/1
10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
11 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.03 events/0
12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 5:40.60 events/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset
14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper
15 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns
In Red Hat Linux, monitoring OS resources is crucial for system performance. What Best Windows Use tools like top, vmstat, sar, and monitoring solutions like Nagios or Zabbix. Pay attention to CPU, memory, disk.
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