Disk Redundancy : There are three disk redundancy in Oracle ASM which are used at the time of Disk group creation.
NORMAL REDUNDANCY - Two-way mirroring, requiring two failure groups.
HIGH REDUNDANCY - Three-way mirroring, requiring three failure groups.
EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY - No mirroring for disks that are already protected using hardware mirroring or RAID.
Disk Group REBALANCE: REBALANCE would not required normally, ASM automatically rebalances disk groups when their configuration changes. We can do an manual REBALANCE operation to control the speed.
POWER: This is specifies the degree of parallelism, and thus the speed of the rebalance operation.
[
CREATE DISKGROUP RMAN_BACKUP EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY DISK '/dev/oracleasm/disks/RMAN_BKP';
CREATE DISKGROUP RMAN_BACKUP NORMAL REDUNDANCY
FAILGROUP fail_group_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file01' NAME disk1,
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file02' NAME disk2
FAILGROUP fail_group_2 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file03' NAME disk1,
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file04' NAME disk2;
CREATE DISKGROUP DATA_DISK01 HIGH REDUNDANCY
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file01'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file02'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file03'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file04'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file05'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file06'
ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '11.2.0.0.0';
]
=== From root User
List of LUN Available for ASM
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2624 20972857+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 2625 3146 4192965 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 3147 6527 27157882+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 3147 6527 27157851 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 3916 31455238+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd doesn't contain a valid partition table
Prepare Disk For ASM
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-652, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-652, default 652):
Using default value 652
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
List of Disk For ASM
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2624 20972857+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 2625 3146 4192965 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 3147 6527 27157882+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 3147 6527 27157851 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 3916 31455238+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 652 5237158+ 83 Linux
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk RMAN_BKP /dev/sdd1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# oracleasm listdisks
DATAVOL1
FRAVOL1
RMAN_BKP
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# oracleasm-discover
Using ASMLib from /opt/oracle/extapi/32/asm/orcl/1/libasm.so
[ASM Library - Generic Linux, version 2.0.4 (KABI_V2)]
Discovered disk: ORCL:DATAVOL1 [62910477 blocks (32210164224 bytes), maxio 512]
Discovered disk: ORCL:FRAVOL1 [20964762 blocks (10733958144 bytes), maxio 512]
Discovered disk: ORCL:RMAN_BKP [10474317 blocks (5362850304 bytes), maxio 512]
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# oracleasm scandisks
Reloading disk partitions: done
Cleaning any stale ASM disks...
Scanning system for ASM disks...
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
=== From grid User
[grid@OEL564ASMN1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu May 28 14:17:16 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysasm
Connected.
SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, NAME FROM V$ASM_DISKGROUP;
GROUP_NUMBER Disk Name
------------ ------------
1 DATA
2 FRA
SQL> SET LINE 2000
SQL> COLUMN group_number FORMAT 999,999 HEAD 'Group Number'
SQL> COLUMN MOUNT_STATUS FORMAT a10 HEAD 'Mount Status'
SQL> COLUMN HEADER_STATUS FORMAT a12 HEAD 'Header Status'
SQL> COLUMN MODE_STATUS FORMAT a10 HEAD ' Mode Status'
SQL> COLUMN STATE FORMAT a10 HEAD 'State'
SQL> COLUMN TOTAL_MB FORMAT 999,999 HEAD 'Total Size In MB'
SQL> COLUMN FREE_MB FORMAT 999,999 HEAD 'Free Space In MB'
SQL> COLUMN NAME FORMAT a12 HEAD 'Disk Name'
SQL> COLUMN PATH FORMAT a45 HEAD 'Disk Location'
SQL> COLUMN LABEL FORMAT a12 HEAD 'Disk Level'
SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, MOUNT_STATUS,HEADER_STATUS,MODE_STATUS,STATE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB,NAME,PATH,LABEL FROM V$ASM_DISK;
Group Number Mount Stat Header Statu Mode Stat State Total Size In MB Free Space In MB Disk Name Disk Location Disk Level
------------ ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------ --------------------------------------------- ------------
0 CLOSED PROVISIONED ONLINE NORMAL 0 0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/RMAN_BKP
2 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 10,236 9,942 FRA_0000 /dev/oracleasm/disks/FRAVOL1
1 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 30,718 28,836 DATA_0000 /dev/oracleasm/disks/DATAVOL1
SQL>
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP RMAN_BACKUP EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY DISK '/dev/oracleasm/disks/RMAN_BKP';
Diskgroup created.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, MOUNT_STATUS,HEADER_STATUS,MODE_STATUS,STATE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB,NAME,PATH,LABEL FROM V$ASM_DISK;
Group Number Mount Stat Header Statu Mode Stat State Total Size In MB Free Space In MB Disk Name Disk Location Disk Level
------------ ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------ --------------------------------------------- ------------
2 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 10,236 9,942 FRA_0000 /dev/oracleasm/disks/FRAVOL1
1 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 30,718 28,836 DATA_0000 /dev/oracleasm/disks/DATAVOL1
3 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 5,114 5,064 RMAN_BACKUP_ /dev/oracleasm/disks/RMAN_BKP
0000
SQL>
NORMAL REDUNDANCY - Two-way mirroring, requiring two failure groups.
HIGH REDUNDANCY - Three-way mirroring, requiring three failure groups.
EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY - No mirroring for disks that are already protected using hardware mirroring or RAID.
Disk Group REBALANCE: REBALANCE would not required normally, ASM automatically rebalances disk groups when their configuration changes. We can do an manual REBALANCE operation to control the speed.
POWER: This is specifies the degree of parallelism, and thus the speed of the rebalance operation.
[
CREATE DISKGROUP RMAN_BACKUP EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY DISK '/dev/oracleasm/disks/RMAN_BKP';
CREATE DISKGROUP RMAN_BACKUP NORMAL REDUNDANCY
FAILGROUP fail_group_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file01' NAME disk1,
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file02' NAME disk2
FAILGROUP fail_group_2 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file03' NAME disk1,
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file04' NAME disk2;
CREATE DISKGROUP DATA_DISK01 HIGH REDUNDANCY
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file01'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file02'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file03'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file04'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file05'
FAILGROUP FAIL_GROUP_1 DISK
'/dev/oracleasm/disks/file06'
ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm' = '11.2.0.0.0';
]
=== From root User
List of LUN Available for ASM
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2624 20972857+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 2625 3146 4192965 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 3147 6527 27157882+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 3147 6527 27157851 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 3916 31455238+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd doesn't contain a valid partition table
Prepare Disk For ASM
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-652, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-652, default 652):
Using default value 652
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
List of Disk For ASM
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 2624 20972857+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 2625 3146 4192965 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 3147 6527 27157882+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 3147 6527 27157851 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 3916 31455238+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 652 5237158+ 83 Linux
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk RMAN_BKP /dev/sdd1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# oracleasm listdisks
DATAVOL1
FRAVOL1
RMAN_BKP
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# oracleasm-discover
Using ASMLib from /opt/oracle/extapi/32/asm/orcl/1/libasm.so
[ASM Library - Generic Linux, version 2.0.4 (KABI_V2)]
Discovered disk: ORCL:DATAVOL1 [62910477 blocks (32210164224 bytes), maxio 512]
Discovered disk: ORCL:FRAVOL1 [20964762 blocks (10733958144 bytes), maxio 512]
Discovered disk: ORCL:RMAN_BKP [10474317 blocks (5362850304 bytes), maxio 512]
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]# oracleasm scandisks
Reloading disk partitions: done
Cleaning any stale ASM disks...
Scanning system for ASM disks...
[root@OEL564ASMN1 ~]#
=== From grid User
[grid@OEL564ASMN1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu May 28 14:17:16 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysasm
Connected.
SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, NAME FROM V$ASM_DISKGROUP;
GROUP_NUMBER Disk Name
------------ ------------
1 DATA
2 FRA
SQL> SET LINE 2000
SQL> COLUMN group_number FORMAT 999,999 HEAD 'Group Number'
SQL> COLUMN MOUNT_STATUS FORMAT a10 HEAD 'Mount Status'
SQL> COLUMN HEADER_STATUS FORMAT a12 HEAD 'Header Status'
SQL> COLUMN MODE_STATUS FORMAT a10 HEAD ' Mode Status'
SQL> COLUMN STATE FORMAT a10 HEAD 'State'
SQL> COLUMN TOTAL_MB FORMAT 999,999 HEAD 'Total Size In MB'
SQL> COLUMN FREE_MB FORMAT 999,999 HEAD 'Free Space In MB'
SQL> COLUMN NAME FORMAT a12 HEAD 'Disk Name'
SQL> COLUMN PATH FORMAT a45 HEAD 'Disk Location'
SQL> COLUMN LABEL FORMAT a12 HEAD 'Disk Level'
SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, MOUNT_STATUS,HEADER_STATUS,MODE_STATUS,STATE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB,NAME,PATH,LABEL FROM V$ASM_DISK;
Group Number Mount Stat Header Statu Mode Stat State Total Size In MB Free Space In MB Disk Name Disk Location Disk Level
------------ ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------ --------------------------------------------- ------------
0 CLOSED PROVISIONED ONLINE NORMAL 0 0 /dev/oracleasm/disks/RMAN_BKP
2 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 10,236 9,942 FRA_0000 /dev/oracleasm/disks/FRAVOL1
1 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 30,718 28,836 DATA_0000 /dev/oracleasm/disks/DATAVOL1
SQL>
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP RMAN_BACKUP EXTERNAL REDUNDANCY DISK '/dev/oracleasm/disks/RMAN_BKP';
Diskgroup created.
SQL>
SQL> SELECT GROUP_NUMBER, MOUNT_STATUS,HEADER_STATUS,MODE_STATUS,STATE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB,NAME,PATH,LABEL FROM V$ASM_DISK;
Group Number Mount Stat Header Statu Mode Stat State Total Size In MB Free Space In MB Disk Name Disk Location Disk Level
------------ ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------------- ------------ --------------------------------------------- ------------
2 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 10,236 9,942 FRA_0000 /dev/oracleasm/disks/FRAVOL1
1 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 30,718 28,836 DATA_0000 /dev/oracleasm/disks/DATAVOL1
3 CACHED MEMBER ONLINE NORMAL 5,114 5,064 RMAN_BACKUP_ /dev/oracleasm/disks/RMAN_BKP
0000
SQL>
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